The Energy Regeneration Brake was the name for a system designed to automatically switch an electric motor into a generator as the vehicle slowed. Braking energy is absorbed so that batteries can be recharged, thus increasing the range of the automobile.[1]
Contents |
The system was first developed in 1967 by American Motors Corporation (AMC) in cooperation with Gulton Industries[2] for an experimental battery powered city car.[3] This concept car was called Amitron and its later iteration, the Electron. To achieve longer battery life between charges, the Amitron would have a "regenerative braking system" to generate battery-charging power as the car is slowed.[3]
The AMC-Gulton automobile was capable of "nondissipative speed control" by capturing the kinetic energy that the car loses when braking; thus, energy is not wasted in heating up the brake linings.[4] This energy regeneration system also results in fuel savings.[5] It used batteries with a high "power-to-energy ratio" and that were also capable of repeated charging and discharging cycles.[5]
During the late 2000s, a system described as "Brake Energy Regeneration" is a misnomer for an electronic control unit used by BMW that engages the alternator during braking, while freewheeling during acceleration and limiting its horsepower draw from the car’s engine while cruising.[6]